<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<metadatalist>
	<metadata ReferenceType="Journal Article">
		<site>mtc-m21b.sid.inpe.br 804</site>
		<holdercode>{isadg {BR SPINPE} ibi 8JMKD3MGPCW/3DT298S}</holdercode>
		<identifier>8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3Q5RJG5</identifier>
		<repository>sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2017/12.04.12.32</repository>
		<lastupdate>2017:12.04.12.32.45 sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2013/09.26.14.25.20 administrator</lastupdate>
		<metadatarepository>sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2017/12.04.12.32.45</metadatarepository>
		<metadatalastupdate>2018:06.04.02.28.04 sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2013/09.26.14.25.20 administrator {D 2017}</metadatalastupdate>
		<issn>1051-0761</issn>
		<citationkey>FonsecaAASXXMWA:2017:ClAnDr</citationkey>
		<title>Climatic and anthropogenic drivers of northern Amazon fires during the 2015–2016 El Ni~no event</title>
		<year>2017</year>
		<typeofwork>journal article</typeofwork>
		<secondarytype>PRE PI</secondarytype>
		<numberoffiles>1</numberoffiles>
		<size>2633 KiB</size>
		<author>Fonseca, Marisa G.,</author>
		<author>Anderson, Liana O.,</author>
		<author>Arai, Egidio,</author>
		<author>Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir,</author>
		<author>Xaud, Haron A. M.,</author>
		<author>Xaud, Maristela R.,</author>
		<author>Madani, Nima,</author>
		<author>Wagner, Fabien Hubert,</author>
		<author>Aragão, Luiz Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz de,</author>
		<resumeid></resumeid>
		<resumeid></resumeid>
		<resumeid>8JMKD3MGP5W/3C9JGUP</resumeid>
		<resumeid>8JMKD3MGP5W/3C9JJCQ</resumeid>
		<group></group>
		<group></group>
		<group>DIDSR-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<group>DIDSR-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<group></group>
		<group></group>
		<group></group>
		<group>DIDSR-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<group>DIDSR-CGOBT-INPE-MCTIC-GOV-BR</group>
		<affiliation>Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory (TREES)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastre Naturais (CEMADEN)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Embrapa</affiliation>
		<affiliation>EMBRAPA</affiliation>
		<affiliation>EMBRAPA</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>egidio.arai@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>yosio.shimabukuro@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>fabien.wagner@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>luiz.aragao@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<journal>Ecological Applications</journal>
		<volume>27</volume>
		<number>8</number>
		<pages>2514-2527</pages>
		<secondarymark>A1_INTERDISCIPLINAR A1_GEOCIÊNCIAS A1_CIÊNCIAS_BIOLÓGICAS_I A1_CIÊNCIAS_AMBIENTAIS A1_CIÊNCIAS_AGRÁRIAS_I A1_BIODIVERSIDADE A2_MATEMÁTICA_/_PROBABILIDADE_E_ESTATÍSTICA</secondarymark>
		<transferableflag>1</transferableflag>
		<contenttype>External Contribution</contenttype>
		<versiontype>publisher</versiontype>
		<keywords>anthropogenic ignition, climate, fire modeling, hot pixels, machine learning, multivariate ENSO index, savannas, tropical forests.</keywords>
		<abstract>The strong El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event that occurred in 2015 ~  2016 caused extreme drought in the northern Brazilian Amazon, especially in the state of Roraima, increasing fire occurrence. Here we map the extent of precipitation and fire anomalies and quantify the effects of climatic and anthropogenic drivers on fire occurrence during the 20152016 dry season (from December 2015 to March 2016) in the state of Roraima. To achieve these objectives we first estimated the spatial pattern of precipitation anomalies, based on long-term data from the TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), and the fire anomaly, based on MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) active fire detections during the referred period. Then, we integrated climatic and anthropogenic drivers in a Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model to quantify fire probability, assessing (1) the model accuracy during the 20152016 and the 20162017 dry seasons; (2) the relative importance of each predictor variable on the model predictive performance; and (3) the response curves, showing how each environmental variable affects the fire probability. Approximately 59% (132,900 km2 ) of the study area was exposed to precipitation anomalies &#8804;1 standard deviation (SD) in January and ~48% (~106,800 km2 ) in March. About 38% (86,200 km2 ) of the study area experienced fire anomalies &#8805;1 SD in at least one month between December 2015 and March 2016. The distance to roads and the direct ENSO effect on fire occurrence were the two most influential variables on model predictive performance. Despite the improvement of governmental actions of fire prevention and firefighting in Roraima since the last intense ENSO event (19971998), we show that fire still gets out of control in the state during extreme drought events. Our results indicate that if no prevention actions are undertaken, future road network expansion and a climate-induced increase in water stress will amplify fire occurrence in the northern Amazon, even in its humid dense forests. As an additional outcome of our analysis, we conclude that the model and the data we used may help to guide on-the-ground fire-prevention actions and firefighting planning and therefore minimize fire-related ecosystems degradation, economic losses and carbon emissions in Roraima.</abstract>
		<area>SRE</area>
		<language>en</language>
		<targetfile>Fonseca_et_al-2017-Ecological_Applications.pdf</targetfile>
		<usergroup>simone</usergroup>
		<readergroup>administrator</readergroup>
		<readergroup>simone</readergroup>
		<visibility>shown</visibility>
		<archivingpolicy>allowpublisher allowfinaldraft</archivingpolicy>
		<documentstage>not transferred</documentstage>
		<nexthigherunit>8JMKD3MGPCW/3ER446E</nexthigherunit>
		<citingitemlist>sid.inpe.br/bibdigital/2013/09.13.21.11 2</citingitemlist>
		<citingitemlist>sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21/2012/07.13.14.45.03 2</citingitemlist>
		<dissemination>WEBSCI; PORTALCAPES.</dissemination>
		<hostcollection>sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2013/09.26.14.25.20</hostcollection>
		<username>simone</username>
		<agreement>agreement.html .htaccess .htaccess2</agreement>
		<lasthostcollection>sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2013/09.26.14.25.20</lasthostcollection>
		<url>http://mtc-m21b.sid.inpe.br/rep-/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2017/12.04.12.32</url>
	</metadata>
</metadatalist>